A New Brunswick-based medical marijuana producer in partnership with both the provincial government and the Trailer Park Boys has had a lawsuit against it expanded to include possible health effects. A class action was filed on March 3 against Health Canada-certified medical cannabis producer Organigram Inc. for containing unauthorized pesticides. Halifax-based injury lawyer Ray Wagner, who is representing the plaintiffs, told The Chronicle Herald the suit was originally economic in nature - essentially to return to clients the money they paid for the recalled product - but last month it was expanded to take into account the health impacts of using the tainted product. [continues 573 words]
New Brunswickers will buy their legal marijuana at a subsidiary of the province's liquor commission - and have sommelier-like staff to guide them. The province also announced Wednesday the stores will be more tightly controlled than liquor outlets, but home delivery will be available. "No one under the legal age will be allowed inside the premises. That will happen at the reception area, after which people will be able to enter the retail environment," NB Liquor president Brian Harriman told a news conference. [continues 539 words]
Grassroots harm-reduction initiative launched as those on the front lines lament provincial government's boardroom approach Health officials in New Brunswick are taking too long to address the serious and growing opioid problem in the province's two largest cities, say local harm-reduction activists who have launched a grassroots initiative in the face of what they describe as government inaction. It has been more than six months since the province's top doctor formed an advisory group to come up with solutions to address the issue, but the government's response so far has been lean compared with that of other Atlantic provinces and the rest of the country. [continues 996 words]
Province inks supply deals, including with pot producer in pesticides probe New Brunswick became the second province to start unveiling plans to sell recreational marijuana next year, when the federal government expects to lift nearly a century of prohibition on the product. The province announced on Friday that it has created a Crown corporation to oversee sales of recreational marijuana, and has signed agreements with two cannabis-producing companies to supply a portion of its retail network. However, the New Brunswick government stopped short of releasing specific details on how the product will be sold - such as the legal age for consumption and the number of retail sites that will be permitted. The new Crown corporation will not directly conduct retail sales but will work with other entities to operate the stores, the province said. [continues 665 words]
Province to create new Crown agency New Brunswick has set up a new Crown corporation that will oversee marijuana sales, but not actually retail the drug, when the federal government's planned legalization of recreational cannabis goes into effect next July Provincial Finance Minister Cathy Rogers and Health Minister Benoit Bourque made the announcement Friday in Moncton, adding that New Brunswick has already struck deals with two licensed medical marijuana companies to help supply its recreational market. However, the province has still left the door open to a possibly less- restrictive retail regime than the one proposed by Ontario, which is setting up a single, government-run retailer. [continues 554 words]
FREDERICTON - The legal age limit for recreational marijuana use in New Brunswick should be set at 19, a provincial working group recommended Wednesday in a report that also calls for sales to be handled by something similar to a Crown corporation. Health Minister Victor Boudreau said the province's Liberal government will consider the recommendation, but he said the actual age limit could be pushed higher. The New Brunswick Medical Society has already recommended the legal age should be at least 21. [continues 409 words]
Incentives, loans given to growing firms FREDERICTON * Marijuana ended the career of a New Brunswick premier in the 1980s, but as Canada nears legalized weed, it is taboo no more. In fact, the province now wants to be your marijuana supplier. New Brunswick's Liberal government, led by 34-year-old Brian Gallant, sees weed as green gold - an important creator of revenue and jobs in a province that badly needs both. It is giving producers financial incentives, has developed a community college program for cannabis technicians, and announced March 24 that marijuana is to be a pillar of its economic strategy. [continues 712 words]
It started beside a dumpster. Derek Riedle was hunched next to the garbage bin, tucked behind the back of an upscale Italian restaurant in Venice, Calif. Riedle had taken his wife, Terri, out to celebrate her birthday - and while she sat at the table enjoying a glass of wine, Riedle was in the back alley, taking hits of marijuana off his vape pen. "The inequities of cannabis, the prohibition, occurred to us numerous times over the years, but there was something about that night. I was really moved to do something about it," Riedle said. [continues 1097 words]
In a 'virtually unprecedented' move, New Brunswick government invests $4-million in medical-pot startup Zenabis Kevin Coft and his medical marijuana startup are benefiting in a big way as the New Brunswick government embraces the job opportunities this budding industry could bring to the province. On Aug. 23, the government invested $4-million in Zenabis, a company Mr. Coft launched to build a proposed medical marijuana facility in Atholville, N.B. The money comes in the form of a repayable loan, and Mr. Coft says it signals that Premier Brian Gallant's Liberal government is serious about supporting the sector. [continues 585 words]
A Liberal Senate forum held earlier this year signified the Trudeau government taking its first tentative steps down the road to legalization. Yet, many questions remain unanswered as the government contemplates a homegrown solution. Can I smoke it now? The government ultimately is the only body with the power to put laws on moratorium, but Karla O'Regan, a St. Thomas University criminology professor, said some police forces might already be inclined to turn a blind eye to marijuana possession related offences. [continues 855 words]
The Canadian government stands to make over $5 billion from taxes if marijuana is legalized but Fredericton dealers aren't too concerned with how it will affect their sales. One local pot dealer thinks the possible legalization will only affect the people who will have the money to buy government supplied marijuana, and that the taxing will help the province. Andrew Rankin* has been selling pot for the past few years. He said most of the people who buy pot need to have a higher income to afford higher quality weed. [continues 394 words]
The box came from Amsterdam. Casey Stone (pseudonym) and his three friends had waited weeks for the package to arrive. Finally, a Canada Post worker dropped off a brown box. It was addressed to one of Stone's friends and had just been flown in from the Dutch capital. Inside the box was a smaller box from a tea company. On top of it sat a letter from the tea company thanking the new customers for their patronage. They opened the box and pulled out a tea bag. Inside the bag was three grams of 3.4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine, also known as Molly. [continues 1268 words]
Digital Publication Hopes to Capitalize on the Turning Tide of Public Opinion in Favour of Cannabis The world is warming up to recreational marijuana, and a southern New Brunswick startup is betting they're hungry for stories about it. On Monday morning, Saint John's Revolution Strategy is launching Civilized, an Internet publishing company targeting professionals who happen to enjoy marijuana. Founder and publisher Derek Riedle likens it to a high-end editorial destination for highbrow marijuana smokers, publishing stories and content not unlike cigar aficionado magazines, though with a broader lifestyle focus. [continues 601 words]
We'll concede Canada's Supreme Court justices are not medical experts. Ditto for most politicians. So the potential benefits of medical marijuana aren't the issue in the recent court ruling, it's a matter of what products should be available to users. The federal government sure gets itself tied up in knots over every instance of altered regulations for the drug. Health Minister Rona Ambrose, commenting upon the decision, said she was outraged. Reflecting the general outlook of the Conservative Party, she's concerned about increasing normalization of marijuana - also about judges making decisions on a substance whose medical value is still disputed. That suggests we need more research on marijuana and its purported health effects. Ambrose might want to tell us what the holdup is there. [continues 185 words]
On June 3, 2015, correctional officers in the medium security unit at Dorchester Penitentiary intercepted an inmate who was attempting to bring contraband into the institution. This seizure is the result of the combined efforts of correctional officers and security intelligence officers. The contraband seized includes 14.65 grams of Marijuana, 3.02 grams of tobacco and about 1.25 gram of hash oil. The total institutional value of this seizure is estimated at $1,890.00. The police have been notified and the institution is investigating. [continues 179 words]
Medpot Mountie Cpl. Ron Francis's Battle to Smoke Out RCMP's PTSD Denial Ends in Suicide Just a few weeks ago I was teaching RCMP Cpl. Ron Francis how to vaporize his medical marijuana. He promised to check back in, but we never had another virtual session. He was found dead in his Kingsclear First Nation, New Brunswick, home on Monday, October 6, apparently a suicide. Tossed aside by RCMP brass because he suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and publicly bullied by Conservative parliamentarians for marijuana medicating, Francis emailed long after the media had lost interest in a "pot-smoking Mountie." [continues 798 words]
Death of Mountie who smoked medicinal marijuana for PTSD highlights lack of strategy for dealing with trauma in first responders Ron Francis's family and friends filled a big white wooden church near the Saint John River on a sunny Friday - more than 250 people jammed into the pews and along the back and side walls for the RCMP corporal's funeral. Four days before, the 43-year-old police officer, a 22-year veteran of the RCMP and by all accounts a dedicated and courageous officer, killed himself in his home at Kingsclear First Nation, near Fredericton. [continues 812 words]
FREDERICTON - The death of RCMP Cpl. Ron Francis, who helped draw attention to post-traumatic stress disorder among emergency first responders, is a terrible loss that underscores the need to deal with the issue, the RCMP's commanding officer in New Brunswick said Tuesday. "It's unfortunate that this condition, if you will, took over and consumed him, but he didn't let go," assistant commissioner Roger Brown told a news conference at RCMP headquarters in Fredericton. "His goal was to try to make some sense of it himself and to bring an awareness to what this is all about." [continues 391 words]
The death of RCMP Corporal Ron Francis, who helped draw attention to post-traumatic stress disorder among emergency first responders, is a terrible loss that underscores the need to deal with the issue, the RCMP's commanding officer in New Brunswick said Tuesday. "It's unfortunate that this condition, if you will, took over and consumed him, but he didn't let go," assistant commissioner Roger Brown told a news conference at RCMP headquarters in Fredericton. "His goal was to try to make some sense of it himself and to bring an awareness to what this is all about." [continues 322 words]
The death of RCMP Cpl. Ron Francis, who helped draw attention to post-traumatic stress disorder among emergency first responders, is a terrible loss that underscores the need to deal with the issue, the RCMP's commanding officer in New Brunswick said Tuesday. "It's unfortunate that this condition, if you will, took over and consumed him, but he didn't let go," assistant commissioner Roger Brown told a news conference at RCMP headquarters in Fredericton. "His goal was to try to make some sense of it himself and to bring an awareness to what this is all about." [continues 394 words]
Cpl. Francis Made News for Smoking Pot in Uniform FREDERICTON - The death of RCMP Cpl. Ron Francis, who helped draw attention to post-traumatic stress disorder among emergency first responders, is a terrible loss that underscores the need to deal with the issue, the RCMP's commanding officer in New Brunswick said Tuesday. "It's unfortunate that this condition, if you will, took over and consumed him, but he didn't let go," assistant commissioner Roger Brown told a news conference at RCMP headquarters in Fredericton. "His goal was to try to make some sense of it himself and to bring an awareness to what this is all about." [continues 366 words]
Force Was Working With Colleague Who Wanted to Smoke Pot in Uniform FREDERICTON - The death of RCMP Cpl. Ron Francis, who helped draw attention to post-traumatic stress disorder among emergency first responders, is a terrible loss that underscores the need to deal with the issue, the RCMP's commanding officer in New Brunswick said Tuesday. "It's unfortunate that this condition, if you will, took over and consumed him, but he didn't let go," assistant commissioner Roger Brown told a news conference at RCMP headquarters in Fredericton. "His goal was to try to make some sense of it himself and to bring an awareness to what this is all about." [continues 405 words]
FREDERICTON, N.B.- A New Brunswick Mountie who attracted national attention for complaining that he wasn't allowed to smoke medicinal marijuana for his post-traumatic stress disorder while in uniform has been deemed fit to stand trial on charges of assaulting two RCMP officers, the Crown and defence said Monday. Cpl. Ron Francis, who faces two counts of assaulting police and one count of resisting arrest, was released from custody after he underwent a 30-day psychiatric assessment. Francis was ordered to follow conditions including that he refrain from alcohol and non-prescription drugs, report to a local mental health clinic and not possess firearms. The psychiatric assessment was not dealt with in court, but both Crown and defence lawyers later confirmed that Francis was considered mentally fit to face trial. The case was adjourned until Feb. 4. [continues 105 words]
Mature Muisings I'm no doubt preaching to the choir here when I say I think marijuana should be legalized. And that's an opinion that would stand just as firmly in a university paper today as it would have had I been writing during the good old "drug, sex and rock-and-roll" days in the '70s. The difference is that, today, the majority of Canadians of all ages now agree with me. In fact, a 2012 Angus Reid Public Opinion Poll found that 57 per cent of Canadians across the country say marijuana should be legalized and 66 per cent say they expect it will be within ten years. [continues 383 words]
FREDERICTON (CP) -- The case of a New Brunswick Mountie who's reportedly been told he cannot smoke the drug while in uniform underscores the need for employers to better understand medicinal marijuana, an advocate for medical cannabis said Thursday. Adam Greenblatt, president of the Canadian Association of Medical Cannabis Dispensaries, said the RCMP should ultimately allow Cpl. Ron Francis to smoke in uniform providing he is not impaired while working. "If this officer was a diabetic, would they prevent him from using insulin on the job?" Greenblatt said from Montreal. "That's the way I see it." [continues 268 words]
If a drug prosecution is to proceed against a Fredericton man, Canadian taxpayers will be on the hook for the cost of his defence, a judge ruled Tuesday. [name redacted], 41, had previously applied to provincial court to have the attorney general of Canada appoint state-funded defence counsel. He's awaiting trial on 22 charges, including trafficking in cocaine and marijuana, conspiracy to traffic in those drugs, and possession of restricted and prohibited weapons. The charges allege December 2006 events. [continues 513 words]
Trial - City Man Facing Weapons And Drug-Trafficking Charges If a drug prosecution is to proceed against a Fredericton man, Canadian taxpayers will be on the hook for the cost of his defence, a judge ruled Tuesday. [name redacted], 41, had previously applied to provincial court to have the attorney general of Canada appoint state-funded defence counsel. He's awaiting trial on 22 charges, including trafficking in cocaine and marijuana, conspiracy to traffic in those drugs, and possession of restricted and prohibited weapons. The charges allege December 2006 events. [continues 512 words]
Health: Province Plans to Limit Travel Subsidies to 18 Months for Patients Attending Daily Clinics SAINT JOHN - Craig McInnis spends about $210 every month to make the daily journey from his home near the Saint John airport to Prince Edward Guardian Pharmacy to take his dose of methadone. He arrives at the clinic, tucked away at the back of the pharmacy, sits on a chair and waits. There isn't much to look at on the walls, except for shapes cut from bristol board, posted to remind patients how to behave: be respectful, leave pets outside and if you come without a way to pay for your dose, you don't get your drink. [continues 645 words]
The federal government has seen a staggering increase in the number of requests for medical marijuana authorizations from applicants claiming they have severe arthritis to legally obtain the drug. Applications to Health Canada based on severe arthritis claims jumped 2,400 per cent between 2008 and 2010, far outstripping the number of claims for cancer, HIV/AIDS and other serious diseases, an Ottawa Citizen analysis has found. The spike in arthritis claims was part of an overall rise in applications over the past three years, as more private clinics specializing in marijuana began referring patients to pot-friendly doctors willing to sign their forms. [continues 665 words]
An Upper Hainesville man has lost his appeal of a marijuana-possession conviction after a Court of Queen's Bench judge rejected his argument he had a valid medical letter of support to have and use the drug. Todd Terrance LeClair was found guilty late last year of an Oct. 19, 2009, charge of possession of marijuana. The charge arose after police executed a search warrant at his home and found 215 grams of bud marijuana and 1,300 grams of low-quality pot, or "shake." [continues 326 words]
Like those generals who used to discover that nuclear weapons were not a good thing about 20 minutes after they took off their uniforms and started collecting their pensions, we have had a parade of former presidents who knew that the war on drugs was a bad thing - but only mentioned it after they were already ex-presidents. Now, at last, we have one who is saying it out loud while he is still in office. President Juan Manuel Santos of Colombia, the country that has suffered even more than Mexico from the drug wars, is an honest and serious man. [continues 812 words]
SAINT JOHN - Canada's Criminal Code is outdated and needs to be modernized and Bill C-10 and other proposed new laws are part of that process, says federal Justice Minister Rob Nicholson. "It updates the Criminal Code so that it reflects what's actually happening," he told the Saint John Law Society on Thursday night. Nicholson was an invited guest at a fundraising dinner for the law society as the organization raises money for a new stained glass window it has commissioned for the city's new courthouse. [continues 523 words]
Health: Retention rate in project is double Vancouver's SAINT JOHN - The uptown methadone clinic is leading the country in its retention rates, and could serve to be a model across the globe, says a researcher with the Horizon Health Network. Operating out of the St. Joseph's Community Health Centre, it is one of two methadone clinics in the city, and in its first year of operation 95 per cent of participants stayed. That is more than double the rate in Vancouver's program, said Tim Christie, director of ethics for Horizon. [continues 703 words]
Like those generals who used to discover that nuclear weapons were not a good thing about 20 minutes after they took off their uniforms and started collecting their pensions, we have had a parade of former presidents who knew that the war on drugs was a bad thing - but only mentioned it after they were already ex-presidents. Now, at last, we have one who is saying it out loud while he is still in office. President Juan Manuel Santos of Colombia, the country that has suffered even more than Mexico from the drug wars, is an honest and serious man. He is also very brave, because any political leader who advocates the legalization of narcotic drugs will become a prime target of the prohibition industry. He has chosen to do it anyway. [continues 778 words]
RCMP in New Brunswick have seized nearly 14,500 marijuana plants from locations across the province since August - enough to produce more than seven million joints. Most of the plants seized in recent months came from large-scale, outdoor marijuana grow operations. "The RCMP places continued emphasis on preventing marijuana from being produced and trafficked in New Brunswick," said federal RCMP Supt. Guy Rook. "Our goal is to prevent organized crime groups from profiting from the sale of this illegal drug, causing harm in our communities." [continues 74 words]
If you were a Prime Minister who inherited a $13.6 billion surplus and then six years later you were trying to eliminate a $40 billion deficit, how would you do it? Well, you would probably start by putting a minister in charge of cost-cutting who was experienced in the misappropriation of funds and you would likely hire a $90,000-a-day consultant to tell you where you could save money. Most certainly, you would introduce regressive "tough on crime" legislation that would take you back to the 1980s and add billions of dollars a year to the costs of your criminal justice system. [continues 742 words]
The Insite ruling is the most brutal collision to date between the Supreme Court of Canada and Stephen Harper's Conservative government. Despite the imminent appointment of two more Harper nominees to the top court's bench, it will likely not be the last. On Friday, the Court ordered the federal government to grant a special exemption to allow Vancouver's supervised drug injection clinic to operate without fear of prosecution for possessing and trafficking in hard drugs. The ruling is the latest volley in an ongoing battle of wills between the top court and the ruling Conservatives. [continues 522 words]
Justice Minister Says Federal Tough-On-Crime Measures Are 'Positive' New Brunswick Justice Minister Marie-Claude Blais supports the tough-on-crime stance being adopted by her federal counterparts in a new crime bill. "There's been a lot of talk about the changes (and whether or not) they're proper, but the goal is something we support," says Blais. "That goal is to strengthen laws, deter crime and help victims." The federal government introduced the new crime bill last week and hope to have it passed in the House of Commons in the next few months. Moncton-Riverview-Dieppe MP Robert Goguen, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Justice, told the Times & Transcript last week the bill is designed to target the most serious offenders in society, including drug producers, people involved with organized crime and those who sexually abuse children. [continues 764 words]
Last week, I wrote a column on how the right-wing Tea Party movement in the United States is hijacking the Republican Party, moving it further to the right into a terrain where ideology takes precedence over fact, thus the title of my column, "When ideology trumps facts." This ideology over fact trend is not solely an American phenomenon; it is happening right here in Canada with the Harper Conservatives. Ideology over facts in the Conservative government has been seen with the abolition of the long form census requirement, something that will greatly hinder data gathering, and with cutbacks to Environment Canada which performs important air quality monitoring services. Maybe this latter one reflects, as well, a nod to global warming deniers. [continues 626 words]
New Brunswick is among the first group of provinces included in a new online RCMP database listing the locations of marijuana grow operations that police have busted. Launched this week, the RCMP website is available to the public and is comprised of information from New Brunswick and Nova Scotia in Atlantic Canada, as well as data from six other provinces. It provides the addresses of the grow-ops that have been shut down and the number of plants that police seized. [continues 554 words]
SAINT JOHN - A dangerous new hallucinogenic drug is causing more criminal problems in Bangor, Maine than any of the other illegal drugs combined, Bangor police say. And the drug - called "bath salts" - could easily make the roughly three-hour trek across the border to Saint John, Ron Gastia, Bangor's police chief said. "This is the worst drug we have seen here in my career," said Gastia, who has 29 years of experience. "This is my primary focus right now. Officers are out there responding to these calls and I fear my officers will be in a position of kill or be killed, or another member of the public will be hurt." [continues 654 words]
Late Summer, Early Fall Is Busy Time for Illegal Drug Trade Police officers will soon be patrolling the forests of New Brunswick, looking to dismantle marijuana grow-operations and disrupt the drug trade. This is an annual operation for the RCMP's J Division in New Brunswick, conducted every August and September. "Late summer and early fall is when outdoor grow-ops are maturing and they're ready to be harvested," says Const. Jullie Rogers-Marsh. While the criminals who planted the marijuana hope to harvest their crop and get the product into the drug trade, police want to beat them to it whenever possible. [continues 509 words]
The RCMP and Crime Stoppers are asking the public to be on the lookout for outdoor marijuana grow operations on public land in New Brunswick. The police issued a news release asking the public to be vigilant and report any suspicious activities. "Marijuana growers plant marijuana on their own property, but they also often use Crown land in an attempt to avoid prosecution," stated the release. "Marijuana plants are usually grown in clumps in large areas and are sometimes surrounded by chicken wire to prevent damage from animals. [continues 114 words]
About a year ago, Dr. Michael Mosley participated in the U.K.'s first scientific trial of psilocybin, the active ingredient in magic mushrooms. He took the drug while filming his series for the BBC (airing tonight on the CBC's documentary channel) called The Brain: A Secret History. "It was one of the strangest experiences of my life," he would write later in a piece for U.K.'s Beckley Foundation, a charitable trust that investigates consciousness and drug-policy research. [continues 368 words]
SAINT JOHN - If policy-makers want to prevent a drug epidemic in Saint John, they must figure out why users are attracted to drugs in the first place, says a Vancouver-based HIV expert. "The big thing is, what's the root cause of why people are abusing the drugs, and attack those issues. That's not a police issue, that's a societal issue," Michael O'Shaughnessy said in an interview after making a presentation for AIDS Saint John Wednesday night. [continues 526 words]
To The Editor: I was watching Canada A.M. last Thursday and saw what looked like an outdoor concert in Vancouver. It was a gathering for a "pot smoking day." Do a little research on that. It's not so much the date, April 20 (4/20), rather it was more the time of day. Google 420 and you'll see it is code for teenagers that means at 4:20 after school, smoke up. That gathering did little to help their cause of legalizing pot. [continues 380 words]
Tickets for George Chuvalo Event Now on Sale Boxing legend George Chuvalo is coming to Moncton as part of his fight against drugs. The former Canadian heavyweight champion will be one of the guest speakers during an event on May 28 at 3 p.m. at the Moncton Wesleyan Celebration Center. This is the first event being staged by Eloquent One Promotion, a new local company. Tickets are $30 and go on sale today at the Moncton Wesleyan Celebration Center, Frank's Music and Steve's Diner. Tickets are also available at www.ticketwindow.ca or by calling 1-877-700-3130. [continues 706 words]
SAINT JOHN - At Lorne Middle School, in the heart of the north end, it's not uncommon for youngsters to start their school days high on marijuana. The Grade 6, 7, and 8 students are "extraordinarily impressionable," says principal Greg Norton, but that's his biggest worry. With a crack house on one street corner, and known drug dealers and ex-convicts on the next, Norton is worried the acceptance of pot among his students will lead to something much worse. [continues 572 words]
Tickets for George Chuvalo's Anti-Drug Seminar Go on Sale Today George Chuvalo ended his illustrious boxing career in 1979, but he continues to pack a big punch when talking about life. The former Canadian heavyweight champion is coming to Moncton as part of his wide-spread travels in his fight against drugs. He will be one of the guest speakers during an event on May 28 at 3 p.m. at the Moncton Wesleyan Celebration Center. This is the first event being staged by Eloquent One Promotion, a new Moncton organization that's looking to "design and promote creative and accessible events that celebrate and enrich the diversity within our culture." [continues 608 words]
Warning - Police Warn Students of New Highly Addictive Drug on the Market That Could Ruin Their Lives SAINT JOHN - A dangerous new form of ecstasy is turning up in schools throughout the region, police say. Drug dealers are turning to young teens as a lucrative market for ecstasy laced with methamphetamine - a highly addictive and toxic substance. The pills come in all different colours, with graphics such as Transformers or kangaroos and names such as Facebook. "There's no question about it. They've recognized that ecstasy is a gateway to the kids," said Sgt. John Wilcox, who heads the street crimes unit for the Saint John Police Force. "It's a way of increasing their addictive base." [continues 635 words]
Inside New Brunswick
