Pubdate: Wed, 11 Jun 2014
Source: Minneapolis Star-Tribune (MN)
Copyright: 2014 Star Tribune
Contact: http://www.startribunecompany.com/143
Website: http://www.startribune.com
Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/266
Author: Jeremy Olson
Page: A1

RESEARCH KEY TO BUDDING POT PROGRAM

Approving Medical Marijuana Was Just the First Step for Minnesota's
Novel Treatment Program.

Minnesota is not the first state to legalize marijuana, but it is the
first to include medical research as a key requirement on its
complicated and uncharted path to turning an illegal recreational drug
into a treatment for illness.

Now that the pitched legislative debates over whether to legalize
marijuana at all are over, there is an ambitious timetable to put the
new law into practice. The Minnesota Department of Health has one year
to hire an administrator, choose two in-state companies who will
manufacture and dispense marijuana products at up to eight locations,
and draft safety guidelines for patients who are under the influence
of medical cannabis.

State officials must also gather and analyze existing research on
safety and dosing, and create a registration system that allows
doctors to certify that their patients have qualifying illnesses. Then
patients apply to the state for access to medical marijuana.

Other states have shown that such a registration system is "doable,"
said Manny Munson-Regala, an assistant commissioner for the state
health department. But none have taken on Minnesota's unique and
somewhat controversial plan to study each and every patient to see if
marijuana works and produces any harmful side effects. In short,
Minnesota is designing a system from scratch that simultaneously
serves and learns from marijuana recipients.

"The quid pro quo is, yes, you get access to medical cannabis, but you
have to report some data," Munson-Regala said.

Minnesota has only legalized marijuana in oil and pill forms and will
not allow people to smoke it or grow their own marijuana plants for
consumption. It also has excluded marijuana usage by patients
suffering from neuropathic pain or post-traumatic stress disorder who
can receive it in other states. It will be allowed for eight specific
conditions such as cancer, glaucoma and seizure disorders.

Studying how patients fare with various forms of marijuana could
address difficult questions about doses and side effects that persist
in all 21 states that legalized medical marijuana before Minnesota,
Munson-Regala said. The goal is to find out "what works and what
doesn't work, what's safe and isn't safe."

A novel system

Addressing them in a structured, science-based way while also
launching a novel legalization system in one year will present
challenges, though. One dilemma is whether to restrict the doses that
are dispensed to patients for these conditions.

Standardizing the doses could produce more consistent results about
marijuana's effectiveness for various conditions, but there is little
solid evidence about where to start. And any restrictions could
frustrate patients who benefit from lower or higher doses than
recommended.

Darren Forsythe celebrated Minnesota's passage of a medical marijuana
law earlier this year. Nevertheless, the Bloomington man is planning
to sell his house and move to Colorado over concerns that Minnesota's
research requirement will force him to take too large a dose.

Forsythe already takes a drug that is a synthetic form of THC, the
chemical agent in marijuana believed to have therapeutic benefits, but
only occasionally to help him sleep or relieve muscle spasms. He
worries the state could require him to take a dosage that would be too
high and interact with other pain relievers and medications he takes.

"I don't like the idea of being told 'You get to take the strong
version,' " he said, "'because we want to know what happens to you
when you take it.' "

The research component was in part a concession so that the state's
doctors, via the Minnesota Medical Association, wouldn't block the
medical marijuana legislation. The doctors' group had expressed a
variety of concerns, including that medical marijuana hasn't been
subject to the same kinds of rigorous research studies that are used
to gain U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for pharmaceutical
drugs.

Minnesota still won't accomplish that - not unless the state designs a
true scientific experiment by giving actual marijuana to some patients
and a placebo to others. And that isn't planned.

Still, gathering detailed observational data about how every
Minnesotan using medical marijuana fares will be valuable, and could
inform the rest of the nation about the best products and the proper
dosages to treat conditions, said Dr. David Thorson, chairman of the
state medical association board. "We want to see this paired with
thoughtful clinical studies that can look at dosing, that can look at
improvement rates."

Exactly how much information will be reported has yet to be decided,
but doctors will be required to provide some level of health
information to the state while their patients are receiving medical
marijuana, and will need to recertify their patients each year.

Whether patients must submit to additional clinical exams or tests is
also unknown, as the state weighs the benefit of thorough information
for research with the demands on patients.

"There's a tension between the needs of the researchers - they want
everything - and the reality of being patients ... and how much a pain
reporting is going to be for them," Munson-Regala said.

The absence of details about the research concerns some patients and
pro-marijuana advocates. Heather Azzi of Minnesotans for Compassionate
Care worries that doctors won't want to certify patients as having
conditions treatable with marijuana if the end result is a paperwork
burden. Then patients might have to waste time and money visiting
multiple doctors to find one who will certify their conditions, she
said.

Cost a factor

Minnesota is spending $2.9 million next year to start the registry,
and about $1 million per year after that to maintain it and continue
the research project. User fees of $200 per patient will help fund it,
but Azzi wondered who will bear the cost if patients are required to
participate in additional medical exams in order to provide data that
researchers need. "This is not something that is going to be covered
by medical insurance," she said.

Thorson said he would be willing to certify patients' qualifying
conditions, but other doctors aren't so sure. Some health system
officials worry they might lose their grants from the federal
government, which currently deems marijuana an illegal controlled
substance. Allina, Children's, Health East and Fairview said their
health systems had not yet set any policies one way or another.

There are patients, however, who say the research is worth the price.
Kristy Kargel hopes to use the state system next year to access
medicinal marijuana that will help her now 9-year-old daughter deal
with frequent seizures.

She was already prepared to move to Colorado - possibly splitting the
family temporarily while her husband and youngest daughter remained in
Minnesota - so providing data for medical research hardly seemed like
a burden.

"I'm all for research," the Stillwater mother said. "I mean, we've
tried over 12 medications that have failed ... I'm willing to put in
as much time and effort as we need."
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MAP posted-by: Matt