Pubdate: Mon, 13 Apr 2009 Source: Daily Tar Heel, The (U of NC, Edu) Copyright: 2009 DTH Publishing Corp Contact: http://www.dailytarheel.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/1949 Author: Andrew Moon, Health Columnist Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/mmj.htm (Marijuana - Medicinal) GIVE REEFER A CHANCE, MEDICALLY Reefer Madness, a 1937 exploitation film, warned marijuana use causes "the total inability to direct thoughts (and) the loss of all power to resist physical emotions leading finally to acts of shocking violence." Some marijuana supporters who rightly laugh at these silly claims also say the natural presence of marijuana on God's green earth proves its harmlessness, forgetting that some of world's deadliest poisons grow naturally. Unfortunately, when it comes to assessing the U.S.'s medical marijuana policy, the irrational arguments on both sides of the debate hamper efforts to carry out much-needed research on marijuana's medical use. Contrary to a 1999 Institute of Medicine report calling for future research on smoked marijuana, which could be a useful treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea, physical wasting in AIDS patients and spasticity in multiple sclerosis, the FDA states that no sound medical studies support the use of medical marijuana. Rather than carry out proper studies, federal agencies have made it tougher on marijuana researchers by scrapping the FDA's compassionate investigational new drug program in 1992 and reducing the amount of marijuana legally allowed in clinical studies. As a result, most of the data on medical marijuana is from flawed observational studies on recreational marijuana use, not from randomized controlled trials on patients, which might address pros and cons of this potential therapy. On the other side of the spectrum, 13 states rebuffed the federal stance by removing state criminal penalties for growing or possessing medical marijuana. While a 2006 Supreme Court ruling stated that federal anti-drug laws trump state laws, 99 percent of marijuana arrests are made by local and state authorities, meaning that these laws provide significant protection for marijuana-toking patients. Like the federal government, these states are wrong to ignore the lack of research and make such bold moves without proper studies on the potential harms of marijuana to patients. Although states and Feds are at odds in many respects, there is one therapeutic application they agree upon. A pill form of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the strongest psychoactive ingredient in marijuana, is classified as a Schedule 2 drug that can be prescribed for medical use but is not legal for the general public. But smoked marijuana, which carries the notorious Schedule 1 label, is more cheaply produced and produces a rapid increase in blood levels of THC, meaning it is more likely to be therapeutic. Some patient advocacy groups claim this is enough to support legalization but fail to mention the Institute of Medicine report's finding that smoking is not a safe way to deliver cannabinoids due to marijuana's variable and uncertain composition, the damage it delivers to the respiratory tract and its potentially deleterious effects on the immune system -- not exactly small concerns for drugs being used in cancer and AIDS patients. Whether the best treatment with the least side effects is in the form of a cigarette, pill or sublingual spray, researchers need to be free to compare all the alternatives side-by-side. In light of the Justice Department's recent call to reverse the Bush administration's strict crackdown on medical marijuana, this might soon become a reality. The hope is that the campaigning of fanatical anti-marijuana crusaders or abuse of this policy by potheads seeking to get high does not again ruin the chance to gain some scientific insight into the medical benefits and harms of smoked marijuana. - --- MAP posted-by: Richard Lake