Pubdate: Mon, 01 Dec 2008 Source: Toronto Star (CN ON) Copyright: 2008 The Toronto Star Contact: http://www.thestar.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/456 Author: Alexander G. Higgins, Associated Press Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/find?131 (Heroin Maintenance) Bookmark: http://www.mapinc.org/hr.htm (Harm Reduction) SWISS ENSHRINE LEGAL HEROIN PROGRAM Voters Endorse Drugs-For-Addicts Measure While Rejecting Bid To Decriminalize Marijuana GENEVA-The world's most comprehensive legalized heroin program became permanent yesterday with overwhelming approval from Swiss voters who also rejected the decriminalization of marijuana. The heroin program, started in 1994, is offered in 23 centres across Switzerland. It has helped eliminate scenes of large groups of drug users shooting up in parks that marred Swiss cities in the 1980s and 1990s. The plan is credited with reducing crime and improving the health and daily lives of addicts. The nearly 1,300 selected addicts, who unsuccessfully tried other therapies, visit one of the centres twice a day to receive the measured dose of heroin produced by a government-approved laboratory. They keep their paraphernalia in cups labelled with their names and use the equipment and clean needles to inject themselves - four at a time - under the supervision of a nurse, and receive counselling from psychiatrists and social workers. The aim is to help the addicts learn how to function in society. The United States and the UN narcotics board have criticized the program for potentially fuelling drug abuse, but it has attracted attention from other governments, which in recent years have started or are considering their own programs modelled on the system. The Netherlands started a program in 2006 that serves nearly 600 patients. Britain has allowed individual doctors to prescribe heroin since the 1920s, and has been running trials similar to the Swiss approach in recent years. Belgium, Germany, Spain and Canada are running trial programs too. Sixty-eight per cent of the 2.3 million Swiss voters approved making the heroin plan permanent. By contrast, 63 per cent voted against decriminalizing personal use of marijuana. - --- MAP posted-by: Larry Seguin