Pubdate: Sun, 16 Feb 2003 Source: Knoxville News-Sentinel (TN) Copyright: 2003 The Knoxville News-Sentinel Co. Contact: http://www.knoxnews.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/226 Author: Bryan Mitchell METH MAKERS' AMMONIA THIEVERY WORRIES POLICE Some people will do anything for their fix. If you're in the booming methamphetamine business, that means resorting to desperate measures - risking death by a lethal gas or filling your trunk with cold pills - to obtain the ingredients. It's common knowledge among methamphetamine cooks that most of the ingredients needed to whip up a fresh batch of meth can be bought at local stores. A few of the key components, however, have to be acquired elsewhere. In the last few months a new trend has developed around the region that has law enforcement agencies reaching out to local businesses that may be unwittingly contributing to the manufacturing of the drug. Members of the Knoxville Police Department are investigating a series of incidents in which people have been siphoning anhydrous ammonia from an industrial-size tank into containers ranging from kerosene tanks to milk jugs. "In any type of manufacturing of meth, you'll have people trying to acquire chemicals," said Knoxville Police investigator Jim Marcum. "And they will get it any way they can." Police are handcuffed by fire regulations that won't allow businesses to lock the tanks up. Without locks, ammonia thieves are able to access the dangerous compound by simply turning a valve. "We're caught in a real Catch-22," Marcum said. The ammonia is a key ingredient in making meth and unavailable to buy by members of the general public, Marcum said. It is used primarily by farmers and also by businesses with large cold storage areas or ice-making facilities. Handled improperly, it can be lethal, says Knoxville Police investigator Ed Kingsberry. In its gas form, the compound can burn the lungs if inhaled. In its liquid form, it can cause frostbite. Mixed improperly with other chemicals or overcooked, the ammonia can become very volatile and sometimes explode. Still, methamphetamine producers from around the region have been descending on Knoxville in search of the crucial ingredients. The developing trend mirrors what much of the country has experienced. Cooks procure or steal the necessary ingredients in large cities and then escape to secluded rural areas of outlying counties to manufacture the highly addictive stimulant. "The whole state is just eat up with it," Marcum said. The cooks risk serious bodily injury or even death, as was the case with a pair of cooks recently discovered in Hawkins County, to produce the drug. While the drug first started making its appearance in East Tennessee within the past four years, it has been used, and abused, for decades. First produced in 1919 by a Japanese pharmocologist, methamphetamine, like many illicit drugs, does have a legitimate use. In its prescribed from, desoxyn, methamphetamine can be used to combat obesity and narcolepsy. It was used by both the Allied and Axis forces during World War II to increase soldiers' alertness and keep pilots awake during long sorties. Now, however, it has been become "the poor man's crack." Meth can be manufactured without a cocaine base and is therefore much cheaper to make, Kingsberry said. "Crack is easier to make but it's more expensive," Kingsberry said. It is used mainly by poor people in rural areas, but it is slowly working its way into the inner cities. "Crack is still king, but in some of the other counties, it's safe to say meth is king," Kingsberry said. Police say the influx of meth has encroached on the turf normally held by cocaine and crack dealers. "The crack dealers don't want to see this stuff come in," Kingsberry said. "It kills their profit margin." It takes less than $200 in supplies and a willingness to go the extra mile for the anhydrous ammonia and ephedrine. Ephedrine is the base ingredient in cold and sinus medications like Sudafed, which is now being sought in bulk by meth cooks. "They go into the store and buy five bottles at a time," Kingsberry said. Cooks often go on what police calls "runs" where they go from store to store filling their vehicles with any product with ephedrine. "We pulled over this one guy with a trunk filled with cold pills," Kingsberry said. The cooks' motivation remains strong: the agonizing itch of addiction and the 1,000 percent profit margin. - --- MAP posted-by: Alex